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came to pass

  • 1 accido

    1.
    ac-cīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [caedo], to begin to cut or to cut into [cf.: adamo, addubito, etc.); hence, so to cut a thing that it falls, to fell, to cut (as verb. finit. very rare).
    I.
    Lit.:

    accidunt arbores, tantum ut summa species earum stantium relinquatur,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 27, 4:

    accisa ornus ferro,

    Verg. A. 2, 626; cf.:

    velut accisis recrescenti stirpibus,

    Liv. 26, 41, 22:

    accisis crinibus,

    cut close, Tac. G. 19: ab locustis genus omne acciditur frugum, eaten up, Arnob. 1, 3.— Poet., to use up:

    fames accisis coget dapibus consumere mensas,

    Verg. A. 7, 125.—
    II.
    Fig., to impair, weaken:

    ita proelio uno accidit Vestinorum res, ut, etc.,

    Liv. 8, 29, 12; so,

    post accisas a Camillo Volscorum res,

    id. 6, 5, 2; cf. 6, 12, 6.—Hence, accīsus, a, um, P. a., cut off or down; impaired, ruined: accisae res (opp. integrae), troubled, disordered, or unfortunate state of things:

    res,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 34; Liv. 3, 10, 8; 8, 11, 12 al.:

    copiae,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 31; Liv. 8, 11, 8:

    robur juventutis,

    id. 7, 29 fin.:

    opes,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 114:

    accisae desolataeque gentes,

    Sil. 8, 590:

    reliquiae (hostium),

    Tac. A. 1, 61.
    2.
    ac-cĭdo, cīdi, no sup., 3, v. n. [cado], to fall upon or down upon a thing, to reach it by falling.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen. constr. with ad, in, local adverbs, with dat. or absol.: utinam ne accidisset abiegna ad terram trabes, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 22 (Trag. p. 281 ed. Vahl., where it is: accĕdisset, acc. to the MSS., v. Vahl. N. v.):

    signa de caelo ad terram,

    Plaut. Rud. prol. 8; so,

    tam crebri ad terram accidebant quam pira,

    id. Poen. 2, 38: trabs in humum accidens, Varr. ap. Non. 494 fin.; so,

    imago aetheris ex oris in terrarum accidat oras,

    Lucr. 4, 215:

    rosa in mensas,

    Ov. F. 5, 360: quo Castalia per struices saxeas lapsu accidit, Liv. Andr. ap. Fest. p. 310 Müll. (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 5):

    ut missa tela gravius acciderent,

    fall upon, hit, Caes. B. G. 3, 14; so Liv. 2, 50, 7.—
    B.
    Esp.: a. ad genua or genibus, of a suppliant, to fall at one's knees: me orat mulier lacrimansque ad genua accidit, Enn. ap. Non. 517, 15 (Com. v. 9 ed. Vahl.); so Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 18; Suet. Caes. 20; id. Claud. 10;

    for which: genibus praetoris,

    Liv. 44, 31;

    also: ad pedes,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5, and absol.: quo accĭdam? quo applicem? Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 114 ed. Vahl., where it is accĕdam).—
    C.
    Transf., to strike the senses, to reach a thing by means of the senses; constr. with ad, the dat. or acc.: vox, sermo accidit ad aurīs (or auribus; also, aurīs alicujus), the voice, the speech falls upon or reaches the ear: nota vox ad aurīs accidit, Att. ap. Non. 39, 5:

    nova res molitur ad aurīs accidere,

    Lucr. 2, 1024; and:

    nihil tam populare ad populi Romani aurīs accidisse,

    Cic. Sest. 50, 107:

    auribus,

    Liv. 24, 46, 5; Quint. 12, 10, 75:

    aurīs,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 31; absol., Liv. 10, 5, 2; 27, 15, 16 sq.; Curt. 4, 4, 5 al.; cf.

    also: clamor accidit ad aurīs,

    Liv. 26, 40, 10; and absol.:

    clamor accidit,

    id. 4, 33, 9; 40, 32, 2;

    likewise: nomen famaque alicujus accidit ad aliquem,

    id. 21, 10, 12; v. Fabri ad h. l.—Hence sometimes in Livy: vox or fama accidit (ad aurīs or ad aliquem), with an acc. c. inf.:

    ut vox etiam ad hostes accideret captum Cominium esse,

    Liv. 10, 41, 7:

    quia repente fama accidit classem Punicam adventare,

    the report came, id. 27, 29, 7; v. Weissenb. a. h. l.
    II.
    Fig.
    A.
    In gen., to fall out, come to pass, happen, occur; and with dat. pers., to happen to, to befall one. (The distinction between the syn. evenio, accido, and contingo is this: evenio, i. e. ex-venio, is used of either fortunate or unfortunate events: accido, of occurrences which take us by surprise; hence it is used either of an indifferent, or, which is its general use, of an unfortunate occurrence: contingo, i. e. contango, indicates that an event accords with [p. 17] one's wishes; and hence is generally used of fortunate events. As Isid. says, Differ. 1: Contingunt bona: accidunt mala: eveniunt utraque):

    res accidit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 14;

    Id acciderat, ut Galli consilium caperent,

    ib. 3, 2:

    si quid adversi acciderit,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 38, 121; cf. ib. 1, 26, 57:

    nollem accidisset tempus, in quo, etc.,

    id. Fam. 3, 10:

    si qua calamitas accidisset,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 55: id. Rosc. Am. 34:

    contra opinionem accidit,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 9:

    pejus Sequanis accidit,

    ib. 1, 31:

    periculum accidit,

    ib. 3, 3:

    detrimentum accidit,

    ib. 7, 52. Also of fortunate occurrences:

    omnia tibi accidisse gratissima,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 1; 11, 15:

    accidit satis opportune,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 22; cf. Brem. Nep. Milt. 1, 1; Herz. Caes. B. G. 7, 3.—Constr. with ut (Zumpt, § 621), sometimes with quod:

    accidit perincommode, quod eum nusquam vidisti,

    Cic. Att. 1, 17; or with inf.:

    nec enim acciderat mihi opus esse,

    id. Fam. 6, 11. Pleonast. in narrations: accidit ut, it happened, or came to pass, that: accidit ut una nocte omnes Hermae dejicerentur, it happened that, etc., Nep. Alc. 3, 2; so Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 8; id. Att. 1, 5, 4 al.—
    B.
    In part.
    1.
    Si quid cui accidat, or si quid humanitus accidat, euphemist. for to die; if any thing should happen to one (for which Ennius says:

    si quid me fuerit humanitus, Ann. v. 128 ed. Vahl.): si quid pupillo accidisset,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 21; Caes. B. G. 1, 18;

    si quid mihi humanitus accidisset,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 4; Dig. 34, 4, 30 § 2 al. (cf. the Greek ei ti pathoi); so, per aposiopesin, sive—quod heu timeo, sive superstes eris, Ov. Her. 13, 164. (But Cic. Mil. 22, 58; Caes. B. G. 2, 35, and similar passages, are to be taken in the usual signif.)—
    2.
    To turn out (this very rare):

    timeo “incertum” hoc quorsum accidat,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 29:

    si secus acciderit,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 2. —
    3.
    In gram., to belong to:

    plurima huic (verbo) accidunt (i. e. genus, tempora),

    Quint. 1, 5, 41 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > accido

  • 2 contingit

    it happens, it turns out; (PERF) it came to pass

    Latin-English dictionary > contingit

  • 3 Fors

    fors, fortis, f. [fero, to bring, whence fortuna, v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 300 sq.], chance, hap, luck, hazard.
    I.
    Subst.
    A.
    As an appellative noun (used only in the nom. and abl.; syn.: fortuna, casus, sors): quo saxum impulerit fors, eo cadere Fortunam autumant, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 368 Rib., who regards this verse as spurious); cf.: quibus natura prava magis quam fors aut fortuna obfuit, Att. ap. Non. 425, 13 (Trag. Rel. ed. Rib. v. 110): cui parilem fortuna locum fatumque tulit fors, Lucil. ap. Non. 425, 15; cf.

    also: casumque timent quem cuique ferat fors,

    Lucr. 3, 983 Lachm. N. cr.:

    unum hoc scio: Quod fors feret, feremus aequo animo,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 88:

    sed haec, ut fors tulerit,

    Cic. Att. 7, 14 fin.:

    sed haec fors viderit,

    id. ib. 14, 13, 3;

    4, 10, 1: quam sibi sortem Seu ratio dederit, seu fors objecerit,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 2:

    quia tam incommode illis fors obtulerat adventum meum,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 10:

    telum quod cuique fors offerebat, arripuit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43; Hor. S. 1, 6, 54; 2, 1, 59:

    forte quadam divinitus super ripas Tiberis effusus lenibus stagnis,

    Liv. 1, 4, 4:

    fors fuit, ut, etc.,

    it happened that, Gell. 12, 8, 2:

    fors fuat pol!

    so be it! God grant it! Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 4;

    post-class.: fors fuat, ut his remediis convalescamus,

    Symm. Ep. 2, 7; Aus. Ep. 16: fors fuat, an, etc., it might so happen that; perchance, i. q. forsitan, Symm. Ep. 1, 39; 4, 28 and 29; cf.

    also: pretio fors fuat officiove, etc.,

    perhaps, Sid. Ep. 9, 7 (but not in Lucr. 1, 486, v. Lachm. ad h. l.).—
    B.
    Personified, Fors, the goddess of chance:

    dea Fors,

    Ov. F. 6, 775; also in the connection Fors Fortuna, whose temple was situated on the Tiber, outside of the city: vosne velit an me regnare, era quidve ferat Fors, Virtute experiamur, Enn. ap. Cic. de Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 203 ed. Vahl.); so,

    sit sane Fors domina campi,

    Cic. Pis. 2, 3:

    fors, in quo incerti casus significantur magis (different from Fortuna),

    id. Leg. 2, 11 fin. Mos. N. cr.:

    sed de illa ambulatione Fors viderit, aut si qui est qui curet deus,

    id. Att. 4, 10, 1:

    saeva,

    Cat. 64, 170:

    dies Fortis Fortunae appellatus ab Servio Tullio rege, quod is fanum Fortis Fortunae secundum Tiberim extra urbem Romam dedicavit Junio mense,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 17 Müll.; cf.;

    aedis Fortis Fortunae,

    Liv. 10, 46, 14; Tac. A. 2, 41:

    Fortunae Fortis honores,

    Ov. F. 6, 773:

    o Fortuna! o Fors Fortuna! quantis commoditatibus hunc onerastis diem!

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 1 (quoted by Varr. ap. Non. 425, 19; for Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18, v. II. B. 1. infra).
    II.
    Adverb., in the nom. and abl.
    A.
    fors, ellipt., for fors sit, it might happen, i. e. perchance, perhaps, peradventure (only poet. and in post-class. prose):

    similiter fors, cum sit nominativus, accipitur pro adverbio,

    Prisc. p. 1015 P.:

    et fors aequatis cepissent praemia rostris, Ni, etc.,

    Verg. A. 5, 232; 6, 535:

    cesserit Ausonio si fors victoria Turno,

    if perchance, id. ib. 12, 183; Val. Fl. 3, 665; Tert. ad Uxor. 2, 2.—Esp. in the connection fors et, i. q. fortasse etiam, perhaps too:

    iste quod est, ego saepe fui, sed fors et in hora Hoc ipso ejecto carior alter erit,

    Prop. 2, 9, 1:

    et nunc ille quidem spe multum captus inani, Fors et vota facit cumulatque altaria donis,

    Verg. A. 11, 50; 2, 139:

    fors et Debita jura vicesque superbae Te maneant ipsum,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 31; Stat. S. 3, 4, 4.—Less freq.:

    fors etiam,

    Val. Fl. 4, 620.—
    B.
    forte, by chance, by accident, casually, accidentally; freq. with casu, temere, fortuna (freq. and class.).
    1.
    Lit.:

    quid est tandem, quod casu fieri aut forte fortuna putemus? etc.,

    Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18:

    forte fortuna per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 54; Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 75: aut forte omnino ac fortuna vincere bello: Si forte et temere omnino, quid cursum ad honorem? Lucil. ap. Non. 425, 16 sq.:

    si forte, temere, casu aut pleraque fierent aut omnia, etc.,

    Cic. Fat. 3, 6; cf.:

    nisi ista casu nonnumquam, forte, temere concurrerent,

    id. Div. 2, 68, 141:

    quam saepe forte temere Eveniunt, quae non audeas optare,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 30; cf. Liv. 41, 2, 7:

    nec quicquam raptim aut forte temere egeritis,

    id. 23, 3, 3: perpulere, ut forte temere in adversos montes erigeret, 2, 31, 5; 25, 38, 12;

    39, 15, 11: quibus forte temere humana negotia volvi persuasum est,

    Curt. 5, 11, 10:

    captivi quidam pars forte pars consilio oblati,

    Liv. 9, 31, 7:

    dumque hoc vel forte, vel providentia, vel utcumque constitutum rerum naturae corpus, etc.,

    Vell. 2, 66, 5; cf.:

    mihi haec et talia audienti in incerto judicium est, fatone res mortalium et necessitate immutabili, an forte volvantur,

    Tac. A, 6, 22: [p. 771] si adhuc dubium fuisset, forte casuque rectores terris, an aliquo numine darentur, Plin. Pan. 1, 4:

    seu dolo seu forte surrexerit, parum compertum,

    Tac. H. 2, 42; cf.:

    seu forte seu tentandi causa,

    Suet. Aug. 6:

    donec advertit Tiberius forte an quia audiverat,

    Tac. A. 4, 54:

    cum casu diebus iis itineris faciendi causa, Puteolos forte venissem,

    Cic. Planc. 26, 65:

    cum cenatum forte apud Vitellios esset,

    Liv. 2, 4, 5:

    ibi cum stipendium forte militibus daretur,

    id. 2, 12, 6:

    forte aspicio militem,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 58; cf.:

    fit forte obviam mihi Phormio,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 11:

    rus ut ibat forte,

    id. ib. 63:

    forte ut assedi in stega,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 44:

    lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere,

    id. Most. 2, 2, 56:

    forte evenit, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Clu. 51, 141; id. de Or. 2, 55, 224; Liv. 1, 7, 13:

    Tarenti ludi forte erant,

    Plaut. Men. prol. 29:

    erat forte brumae tempus,

    Liv. 21, 54, 7:

    et pernox forte luna erat,

    id. 32, 11, 9:

    per eos forte dies consul copias Larisam ducere tribunos militum jussit,

    i. e. it came to pass on one of those days, id. 36, 14, 1:

    per eosdem forte dies, etc.,

    id. 37, 20, 1; 37, 34, 1; cf. Tac. A. 4, 59:

    in locum tribuni plebis forte demortui candidatum se ostendit,

    Suet. Aug. 10. —So nearly = aliquando (mostly poet. and post - Aug.):

    forte per angustam tenuis vulpecula rimam repserat in cumeram frumenti,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 29:

    ibam forte via sacra,

    id. S. 1, 9, 1; Mart. 1, 54, 7:

    forte quondam in disponendo mane die praedixerat, etc.,

    Suet. Tib. 11; Aur. Vict. de Caes. 17, 5.—
    2.
    Transf., to denote uncertainty, corresp. to the Gr. an, perhaps, perchance, peradventure.
    a.
    In conditional and causal sentences.
    (α).
    With si:

    irae si quae forte eveniunt hujusmodi,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 60:

    si quis vestrum, judices, aut eorum qui assunt, forte miratur, etc.,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 1:

    hicine vir usquam, nisi in patria, morietur? aut, si forte, pro patria?

    id. Mil. 38, 104:

    si forte est domi,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 5, 4; cf. id. Poen. 5, 2, 104; Liv. 1, 7, 6:

    si forte eos primus aspectus mundi conturbaverat, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 35, 90:

    si te Latina forte deficient,

    id. Ac. 1, 7, 25:

    si qui me forte locus admonuerit,

    id. de Or. 3, 12, 47:

    si quae te forte res aliquando offenderit,

    id. Fam. 7, 17, 2:

    quod si forte ceciderint,

    id. Lael. 15, 53:

    si quando, si forte, tibi visus es irasci alicui,

    id. Rep. 1, 38 Mos. N. cr.; cf. id. de Or. 3, 12, 47.—Rarely forte si:

    forte si tussire occepsit, ne sic tussiat, ut, etc.,

    Plaut. As. 4, 1, 49:

    ita demum novatio fit... forte si condicio vel sponsor vel dies adiciatur,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 177.—Rarely with ellipsis of si:

    protinus Aeneas celeri certare sagitta invitat qui forte velint, i. e. si qui forte velint,

    Verg. A, 5, 485.—
    (β).
    With nisi ironically:

    hoc te monitum, nisi forte ipse non vis, volueram,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 59:

    nemo fere saltat sobrius, nisi forte insanit,

    Cic. Mur. 6, 13:

    propensior benignitas esse debebit in calamitosos, nisi forte erunt digni calamitate,

    id. Off. 2, 18, 62; 3, 24, 93: is constantiam teneat;

    nisi forte se intellexerit errasse, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 33, 120:

    negare hoc, nisi forte negare omnia constituisti, nullo modo potes,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 149: accedam ad omnia tua, Torquate;

    nisi memoria forte defecerit,

    id. Fin. 2, 14, 44.—In indirect locution with an inf.:

    nisi forte clarissimo cuique plures curas, majora pericula subeunda, delenimentis curarum et periculorum carendum esse,

    Tac. A. 2, 33.— Ironically, unless indeed, unless to be sure:

    Erucii criminatio tota, ut arbitror, dissoluta est, nisi forte exspectatis, ut illa diluam, quae, etc.,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 82; cf.:

    immo vero te audiamus, nisi forte Manilius interdictum aliquod inter duo soles putat esse componendum,

    id. Rep. 1, 13:

    ortum quidem amicitiae videtis nisi quid ad haec forte vultis,

    id. Lael. 9, 32; id. Mil. 7, 17; 31, 84; id. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 149; id. Leg. 1, 1, 2; id. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Fat. 16, 37; Sall. C. 20, 17; Quint. 10, 1, 70; Tac. H. 4, 74.—
    (γ).
    With ne:

    ne quid animae forte amittat dormiens,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 24 and 26; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 56:

    pacem ab Aesculapio Petas, ne forte tibi eveniat magnum malum,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 21:

    qui metuo, ne te forte flagitent,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 8, 1:

    metuens, ne forte deprehensus retraheretur,

    Liv. 2, 12, 4:

    comperisse me non audeo dicere, ne forte id ipsum verbum ponam, quod, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 4: ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur, hominem toties irasci, id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; id. Att. 2, 18, 2.—Rarely with ut non instead of ne, Quint. 1, 3, 1.—
    b.
    In relat. clauses (very rare):

    nisi si quispiamst Amphitruo alius, qui forte te hic absente tamen tuam rem curet,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 195:

    unus in hoc non est populo, qui forte Latine reddere verba queat,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 53:

    nam qui forte Stichum et Erotem emerit, recte videtur ita demonstrare,

    Gai. Inst. 4, 59; Aur. Vict. Caes. 10, 3; 39, 45.—
    c.
    In gen. (rare; not in Cic., for in Off. 2, 20, 70, the true read. is: in uno illo aut, si forte, in liberis ejus manet gratia, B. and K.;

    and in the corrupt passage,

    id. Att. 10, 12, 5; Orelli reads: fortiter ac tempestive;

    Kayser, fortiter vel cum tempestate): quid si apud te veniat de subito prandium aut potatio Forte, aut cena,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 47:

    neque solum alium pro alio pedem metrorum ratio non recipit, sed ne dactylum quidem aut forte spondeum alterum pro altero,

    Quint. 9, 4, 49:

    sive non trino forte nundino promulgata, sive non idoneo die, etc.,

    id. 2, 4, 35:

    ut sciant, an ad probandum id quod intendimus forte respondeant,

    id. 5, 10, 122; cf. id. 7, 3, 20: quo casu licet uxori vel in omnes res, vel in unam forte aut duas (optare), Gai Inst. 1, 150; 4, 74:

    forte quid expediat, communiter aut melior pars Malis carere quaeritis laboribus,

    what may perhaps be of some use, Hor. Epod. 16, 15:

    alii nulli rem obligatam esse quam forte Lucio Titio,

    than for instance, Dig. 20, 1, 15, § 2; 30, 1, 67; 48, 22, 7, § 6; Gai. Inst. 3, 179.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Fors

  • 4 fors

    fors, fortis, f. [fero, to bring, whence fortuna, v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 300 sq.], chance, hap, luck, hazard.
    I.
    Subst.
    A.
    As an appellative noun (used only in the nom. and abl.; syn.: fortuna, casus, sors): quo saxum impulerit fors, eo cadere Fortunam autumant, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 368 Rib., who regards this verse as spurious); cf.: quibus natura prava magis quam fors aut fortuna obfuit, Att. ap. Non. 425, 13 (Trag. Rel. ed. Rib. v. 110): cui parilem fortuna locum fatumque tulit fors, Lucil. ap. Non. 425, 15; cf.

    also: casumque timent quem cuique ferat fors,

    Lucr. 3, 983 Lachm. N. cr.:

    unum hoc scio: Quod fors feret, feremus aequo animo,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 88:

    sed haec, ut fors tulerit,

    Cic. Att. 7, 14 fin.:

    sed haec fors viderit,

    id. ib. 14, 13, 3;

    4, 10, 1: quam sibi sortem Seu ratio dederit, seu fors objecerit,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 2:

    quia tam incommode illis fors obtulerat adventum meum,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 10:

    telum quod cuique fors offerebat, arripuit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43; Hor. S. 1, 6, 54; 2, 1, 59:

    forte quadam divinitus super ripas Tiberis effusus lenibus stagnis,

    Liv. 1, 4, 4:

    fors fuit, ut, etc.,

    it happened that, Gell. 12, 8, 2:

    fors fuat pol!

    so be it! God grant it! Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 4;

    post-class.: fors fuat, ut his remediis convalescamus,

    Symm. Ep. 2, 7; Aus. Ep. 16: fors fuat, an, etc., it might so happen that; perchance, i. q. forsitan, Symm. Ep. 1, 39; 4, 28 and 29; cf.

    also: pretio fors fuat officiove, etc.,

    perhaps, Sid. Ep. 9, 7 (but not in Lucr. 1, 486, v. Lachm. ad h. l.).—
    B.
    Personified, Fors, the goddess of chance:

    dea Fors,

    Ov. F. 6, 775; also in the connection Fors Fortuna, whose temple was situated on the Tiber, outside of the city: vosne velit an me regnare, era quidve ferat Fors, Virtute experiamur, Enn. ap. Cic. de Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 203 ed. Vahl.); so,

    sit sane Fors domina campi,

    Cic. Pis. 2, 3:

    fors, in quo incerti casus significantur magis (different from Fortuna),

    id. Leg. 2, 11 fin. Mos. N. cr.:

    sed de illa ambulatione Fors viderit, aut si qui est qui curet deus,

    id. Att. 4, 10, 1:

    saeva,

    Cat. 64, 170:

    dies Fortis Fortunae appellatus ab Servio Tullio rege, quod is fanum Fortis Fortunae secundum Tiberim extra urbem Romam dedicavit Junio mense,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 17 Müll.; cf.;

    aedis Fortis Fortunae,

    Liv. 10, 46, 14; Tac. A. 2, 41:

    Fortunae Fortis honores,

    Ov. F. 6, 773:

    o Fortuna! o Fors Fortuna! quantis commoditatibus hunc onerastis diem!

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 1 (quoted by Varr. ap. Non. 425, 19; for Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18, v. II. B. 1. infra).
    II.
    Adverb., in the nom. and abl.
    A.
    fors, ellipt., for fors sit, it might happen, i. e. perchance, perhaps, peradventure (only poet. and in post-class. prose):

    similiter fors, cum sit nominativus, accipitur pro adverbio,

    Prisc. p. 1015 P.:

    et fors aequatis cepissent praemia rostris, Ni, etc.,

    Verg. A. 5, 232; 6, 535:

    cesserit Ausonio si fors victoria Turno,

    if perchance, id. ib. 12, 183; Val. Fl. 3, 665; Tert. ad Uxor. 2, 2.—Esp. in the connection fors et, i. q. fortasse etiam, perhaps too:

    iste quod est, ego saepe fui, sed fors et in hora Hoc ipso ejecto carior alter erit,

    Prop. 2, 9, 1:

    et nunc ille quidem spe multum captus inani, Fors et vota facit cumulatque altaria donis,

    Verg. A. 11, 50; 2, 139:

    fors et Debita jura vicesque superbae Te maneant ipsum,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 31; Stat. S. 3, 4, 4.—Less freq.:

    fors etiam,

    Val. Fl. 4, 620.—
    B.
    forte, by chance, by accident, casually, accidentally; freq. with casu, temere, fortuna (freq. and class.).
    1.
    Lit.:

    quid est tandem, quod casu fieri aut forte fortuna putemus? etc.,

    Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18:

    forte fortuna per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 54; Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 75: aut forte omnino ac fortuna vincere bello: Si forte et temere omnino, quid cursum ad honorem? Lucil. ap. Non. 425, 16 sq.:

    si forte, temere, casu aut pleraque fierent aut omnia, etc.,

    Cic. Fat. 3, 6; cf.:

    nisi ista casu nonnumquam, forte, temere concurrerent,

    id. Div. 2, 68, 141:

    quam saepe forte temere Eveniunt, quae non audeas optare,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 30; cf. Liv. 41, 2, 7:

    nec quicquam raptim aut forte temere egeritis,

    id. 23, 3, 3: perpulere, ut forte temere in adversos montes erigeret, 2, 31, 5; 25, 38, 12;

    39, 15, 11: quibus forte temere humana negotia volvi persuasum est,

    Curt. 5, 11, 10:

    captivi quidam pars forte pars consilio oblati,

    Liv. 9, 31, 7:

    dumque hoc vel forte, vel providentia, vel utcumque constitutum rerum naturae corpus, etc.,

    Vell. 2, 66, 5; cf.:

    mihi haec et talia audienti in incerto judicium est, fatone res mortalium et necessitate immutabili, an forte volvantur,

    Tac. A, 6, 22: [p. 771] si adhuc dubium fuisset, forte casuque rectores terris, an aliquo numine darentur, Plin. Pan. 1, 4:

    seu dolo seu forte surrexerit, parum compertum,

    Tac. H. 2, 42; cf.:

    seu forte seu tentandi causa,

    Suet. Aug. 6:

    donec advertit Tiberius forte an quia audiverat,

    Tac. A. 4, 54:

    cum casu diebus iis itineris faciendi causa, Puteolos forte venissem,

    Cic. Planc. 26, 65:

    cum cenatum forte apud Vitellios esset,

    Liv. 2, 4, 5:

    ibi cum stipendium forte militibus daretur,

    id. 2, 12, 6:

    forte aspicio militem,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 58; cf.:

    fit forte obviam mihi Phormio,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 11:

    rus ut ibat forte,

    id. ib. 63:

    forte ut assedi in stega,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 44:

    lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere,

    id. Most. 2, 2, 56:

    forte evenit, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Clu. 51, 141; id. de Or. 2, 55, 224; Liv. 1, 7, 13:

    Tarenti ludi forte erant,

    Plaut. Men. prol. 29:

    erat forte brumae tempus,

    Liv. 21, 54, 7:

    et pernox forte luna erat,

    id. 32, 11, 9:

    per eos forte dies consul copias Larisam ducere tribunos militum jussit,

    i. e. it came to pass on one of those days, id. 36, 14, 1:

    per eosdem forte dies, etc.,

    id. 37, 20, 1; 37, 34, 1; cf. Tac. A. 4, 59:

    in locum tribuni plebis forte demortui candidatum se ostendit,

    Suet. Aug. 10. —So nearly = aliquando (mostly poet. and post - Aug.):

    forte per angustam tenuis vulpecula rimam repserat in cumeram frumenti,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 29:

    ibam forte via sacra,

    id. S. 1, 9, 1; Mart. 1, 54, 7:

    forte quondam in disponendo mane die praedixerat, etc.,

    Suet. Tib. 11; Aur. Vict. de Caes. 17, 5.—
    2.
    Transf., to denote uncertainty, corresp. to the Gr. an, perhaps, perchance, peradventure.
    a.
    In conditional and causal sentences.
    (α).
    With si:

    irae si quae forte eveniunt hujusmodi,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 60:

    si quis vestrum, judices, aut eorum qui assunt, forte miratur, etc.,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 1:

    hicine vir usquam, nisi in patria, morietur? aut, si forte, pro patria?

    id. Mil. 38, 104:

    si forte est domi,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 5, 4; cf. id. Poen. 5, 2, 104; Liv. 1, 7, 6:

    si forte eos primus aspectus mundi conturbaverat, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 35, 90:

    si te Latina forte deficient,

    id. Ac. 1, 7, 25:

    si qui me forte locus admonuerit,

    id. de Or. 3, 12, 47:

    si quae te forte res aliquando offenderit,

    id. Fam. 7, 17, 2:

    quod si forte ceciderint,

    id. Lael. 15, 53:

    si quando, si forte, tibi visus es irasci alicui,

    id. Rep. 1, 38 Mos. N. cr.; cf. id. de Or. 3, 12, 47.—Rarely forte si:

    forte si tussire occepsit, ne sic tussiat, ut, etc.,

    Plaut. As. 4, 1, 49:

    ita demum novatio fit... forte si condicio vel sponsor vel dies adiciatur,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 177.—Rarely with ellipsis of si:

    protinus Aeneas celeri certare sagitta invitat qui forte velint, i. e. si qui forte velint,

    Verg. A, 5, 485.—
    (β).
    With nisi ironically:

    hoc te monitum, nisi forte ipse non vis, volueram,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 59:

    nemo fere saltat sobrius, nisi forte insanit,

    Cic. Mur. 6, 13:

    propensior benignitas esse debebit in calamitosos, nisi forte erunt digni calamitate,

    id. Off. 2, 18, 62; 3, 24, 93: is constantiam teneat;

    nisi forte se intellexerit errasse, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 33, 120:

    negare hoc, nisi forte negare omnia constituisti, nullo modo potes,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 149: accedam ad omnia tua, Torquate;

    nisi memoria forte defecerit,

    id. Fin. 2, 14, 44.—In indirect locution with an inf.:

    nisi forte clarissimo cuique plures curas, majora pericula subeunda, delenimentis curarum et periculorum carendum esse,

    Tac. A. 2, 33.— Ironically, unless indeed, unless to be sure:

    Erucii criminatio tota, ut arbitror, dissoluta est, nisi forte exspectatis, ut illa diluam, quae, etc.,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 82; cf.:

    immo vero te audiamus, nisi forte Manilius interdictum aliquod inter duo soles putat esse componendum,

    id. Rep. 1, 13:

    ortum quidem amicitiae videtis nisi quid ad haec forte vultis,

    id. Lael. 9, 32; id. Mil. 7, 17; 31, 84; id. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 149; id. Leg. 1, 1, 2; id. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Fat. 16, 37; Sall. C. 20, 17; Quint. 10, 1, 70; Tac. H. 4, 74.—
    (γ).
    With ne:

    ne quid animae forte amittat dormiens,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 24 and 26; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 56:

    pacem ab Aesculapio Petas, ne forte tibi eveniat magnum malum,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 21:

    qui metuo, ne te forte flagitent,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 8, 1:

    metuens, ne forte deprehensus retraheretur,

    Liv. 2, 12, 4:

    comperisse me non audeo dicere, ne forte id ipsum verbum ponam, quod, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 4: ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur, hominem toties irasci, id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; id. Att. 2, 18, 2.—Rarely with ut non instead of ne, Quint. 1, 3, 1.—
    b.
    In relat. clauses (very rare):

    nisi si quispiamst Amphitruo alius, qui forte te hic absente tamen tuam rem curet,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 195:

    unus in hoc non est populo, qui forte Latine reddere verba queat,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 53:

    nam qui forte Stichum et Erotem emerit, recte videtur ita demonstrare,

    Gai. Inst. 4, 59; Aur. Vict. Caes. 10, 3; 39, 45.—
    c.
    In gen. (rare; not in Cic., for in Off. 2, 20, 70, the true read. is: in uno illo aut, si forte, in liberis ejus manet gratia, B. and K.;

    and in the corrupt passage,

    id. Att. 10, 12, 5; Orelli reads: fortiter ac tempestive;

    Kayser, fortiter vel cum tempestate): quid si apud te veniat de subito prandium aut potatio Forte, aut cena,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 47:

    neque solum alium pro alio pedem metrorum ratio non recipit, sed ne dactylum quidem aut forte spondeum alterum pro altero,

    Quint. 9, 4, 49:

    sive non trino forte nundino promulgata, sive non idoneo die, etc.,

    id. 2, 4, 35:

    ut sciant, an ad probandum id quod intendimus forte respondeant,

    id. 5, 10, 122; cf. id. 7, 3, 20: quo casu licet uxori vel in omnes res, vel in unam forte aut duas (optare), Gai Inst. 1, 150; 4, 74:

    forte quid expediat, communiter aut melior pars Malis carere quaeritis laboribus,

    what may perhaps be of some use, Hor. Epod. 16, 15:

    alii nulli rem obligatam esse quam forte Lucio Titio,

    than for instance, Dig. 20, 1, 15, § 2; 30, 1, 67; 48, 22, 7, § 6; Gai. Inst. 3, 179.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > fors

  • 5 ab-eō

        ab-eō iī, itūrus, īre    (abin' for abisne, T.), to go from, go away, go off, go forth, go, depart: ab urbe: ex eorum agris: ex conspectu, out of sight, Cs.: mater abit templo, O.: abire fugā, to flee, V.: in angulum aliquo, T.: unde abii, V.: exsulatum Tusculum abiit, L.: si periturus abis, to your death, V.: sublimis abiit, ascended, L.: telo extracto praeceps in volnus abiit, collapsed, L.: quo tantum mihi dexter abis? whither so far to the right? V.: nemo non donatus abibit, without a gift, V.: abeas parvis aequus alumnis, show yourself favorable as you go, H.: quae dederat abeuntibus, V.: sub iugum abire, L.: abi, nuntia Romanis, etc., L.; of things: cornus sub altum pectus abit, penetrates deeply, V.: sol... abeunte curru, as his chariot departs, H. — In partic., to pass away, disappear, vanish, cease, die: a vitā: illuc quo priores abierunt, Ph.; of time, to pass away, elapse, expire: abiit illud tempus: tota abit hora, H.; of other things: abeunt pallorque situsque, pass away, O.: inopia praeceps abierat, S.: in aera sucus corporis, O.— Of change, to pass over, be transferred: abeunt illuc omnia, unde orta sunt, return: in avi mores atque instituta, i. e. restore, L.; hence, to be changed, be transformed, be metamorphosed (poet.): in villos abeunt vestes, in crura lacerti, O.: comae in silvas abeunt, O. — Fig., to depart from, leave off, turn aside: ut ab iure non abeat: ne longius abeam, wander from the point: ad istas ineptias, have recourse to: illuc, unde abii, redeo, set out, H. —To retire from an office: cum magistratu abisset: abiens magistratu, L.—Of a consequence or result, to turn out, come off (of persons): ab iudicio turpissime victus: neutra acies laeta ex eo certamine abiit, L.: impune, Ph.: ne in ora hominum pro ludibrio abiret, i. e. lest he should be made ridiculous, L.: ne inrito incepto abiretur, L. —To turn out, end, terminate (of things): mirabar hoc si sic abiret, T.—To get off, escape: quem ad modum illinc abieris, vel potius paene non abieris, scimus, how you came off thence, or rather came near not getting off.—In auctions, not to be knocked down (to one): ne res abiret ab Apronio, i. e. that he may purchase.—To be postponed: in diem, T.— The imper. abi is often a simple exclamation or address, friendly or reproachful: abi, virum te iudico, go to, I pronounce you a man, T.: Non es avarus: abi; quid, etc., well, H.: abi, nescis inescare homines, begone, T.; in imprecations: abin hinc in malam rem? (i. e. abisne?), will you go and be hanged? T.: in malam pestem.

    Latin-English dictionary > ab-eō

  • 6 venio

    vĕnĭo, vēni, ventum, 4 ( fut. venibo, Pompon. ap. Non. 508, 23; imperf. venibat, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 47; gen. plur, part. sync. venientum, Verg. G. 4, 167; id. A. 1, 434; 6, 755), v. n. [Sanscr. root gā, go; Zend root gā, gam, go; Gr. BA-, bainô; Lat. ar-biter, venio; Goth. quiman; O. H. Germ. quëman, koman; Engl. come; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 466], to come (cf. accedo).
    I.
    Lit.:

    nunc, cujus jussu venio et quam ob rem venerim, Dicam, etc.,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 17:

    veni, vidi, vici,

    Suet. Caes. 37: imus, venimus, videmus. Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 53:

    maritimus hostis ante adesse potest quam quisquam venturum esse suspicari queat, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 3, 6:

    venio ad macellum,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 3:

    ut veni ad urbem, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 12, 2:

    cupio, te ad me venire,

    id. ib. 16, 10, 1; Plaut. As. 2, 4, 2:

    mihi si spatium fuerit in Tusculanum veniendi,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 3:

    Cato... cum venerat ad se in Sabinos,

    had come home, id. Rep. 3, 28, 40:

    quia nudius quartus venimus in Cariam ex Indiā,

    Plaut. Curc. 3, 68:

    sexto die Delum Athenis venimus,

    Cic. Att. 5, 12, 1:

    Italiam fato profugus, Laviniaque venit Litora,

    Verg. A. 1, 2:

    tumulum antiquae Cereris sedemque sacratam Venimus,

    id. ib. 2, 743 (cf. devenio):

    vin' ad te ad cenam veniam,

    Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 30:

    mercator venit huc ad ludos,

    id. Cist. 1, 3, 9:

    homo ad praetorem deplorabundus venit,

    id. Aul. 2, 4, 38:

    neque ego te derisum venio neque derideo,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 46:

    ad istum emptum venerunt illum locum senatorium,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 124.—With inf.:

    parasitus modo venerat aurum petere,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 18:

    non nos Libycos populare penates Venimus,

    Verg. A. 1, 528.—

    Of inanimate subjects: navis huc ex portu Persico Venit,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 249:

    denique in os salsi venit umor saepe saporis, Cum mare vorsamur propter,

    Lucr. 4, 220:

    (aër) Per patefacta venit penetratque foramina,

    id. 4, 891:

    (speculi imago) Dum venit ad nostras acies,

    id. 4, 279:

    sub aspectum venire,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 358:

    in conspectu,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 27:

    in conspectum,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 48; Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 24:

    muliebris vox mihi ad aures venit,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 13;

    in Italiā te moraturum, dum tibi litterae meae veniant,

    reaches you, Cic. Fam. 11, 24, 2: hereditas unicuique nostrum venit, comes, i. e. descends to each of us, id. Caecin. 26, 74; cf.:

    hic Verres hereditatem sibi venisse arbitratus est, quod in ejus regnum ac manus venerat is, quem, etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 62: hic segetes, illic veniunt felicius uvae, come forth, i. e. grow, Verg. G. 1, 54; so,

    arbores sponte suā,

    id. ib. 2, 11; 2, 58; Prop. 1, 2, 10. —
    (β).
    Impers. pass., we, they, etc., came or have come, etc.:

    Lilybaeum venitur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 141: ad me ventum est, it has fallen to me, id Quint. 1, 3:

    dum ad flumen Varum veniatur,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 87:

    (Galli) veniri ad se confestim existimantes, ad arma conclamant,

    id. B. G. 7, 70:

    ventum in insulam est,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

    ubi eo ventum est,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 43:

    ad quos ventum erat,

    id. ib. 2, 11;

    3, 23: eo cum esset ventum,

    id. ib. 7, 61.—
    B.
    Esp., to come. spring, be descended:

    qui se Bebryciā veniens Amyci de gente ferebat (i. e. qui se ferebat venientem, etc.),

    Verg. A. 5, 373 Forbig. ad loc. —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen.:

    vides, quo progrediente oratione venturum me puto,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 40, 62. ut jam a principio videndum sit, quemadmodum velis venire ad extremum orationis, id. Or. 59, 201:

    contra rem suam me nescio quando venisse questus est,

    that I appeared, id. Phil. 2, 2, 3: contra amici summam existimationem, id. Att. 1, 1, 4:

    si rem nullam habebis, quod in buccam venerit, scribito,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 4;

    v. bucca: si quid in mentem veniet,

    id. ib. 12, 36, 1.—So in Cic. with nom. only of neutr. pron. or res; but freq. impers. with gen.:

    cum matronarum ac virginum veniebat in mentem,

    when I thought of, Cic. Sull. 6, 19:

    venit enim mihi in mentem oris tui,

    id. Rosc. Am. 34, 95; id. Sull. 14, 38; v. also mens, II. B. fin. and the passages there cited:

    oratorum laus ita ducta ab humili venit ad summum, ut, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 2, 2, 5:

    prava ex falsis opinionibus veniunt,

    Quint. 5, 10, 34:

    vitium pejus, quod ex inopiā, quam quod ex copiā venit,

    id. 2, 4, 4:

    non omne argumentum undique venit,

    id. 5, 10, 21.—With dat.:

    existimabunt majus commodum ex otio meo quam ex aliorum negotiis reipublicae venturum,

    Sall. J. 4, 4; 8, 2:

    ubi ea dies, quam constituerat cum legatis, venit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 8; so,

    dies,

    id. ib. 7, 3:

    tempus victoriae,

    id. ib. 7, 66; cf.:

    suum tempus eorum laudi,

    Quint. 3, 1, 21:

    non sumus omnino sine curā venientis anni,

    for the coming year, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4, 4:

    exemplum trahens Perniciem veniens in aevum,

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 16:

    veniens aetas,

    the future, Ov. F. 6, 639.—Of events, to come, i. e. to happen:

    quod hodie venit,

    Tac. A. 14, 43.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Venire in aliquid (rarely ad aliquid; v. infra), to come into, fall into any state or condition (so esp. freq.): venisse alicui in amicitiam, to have obtained one's friendship or alliance, Caes. B. G. 6, 5, 4:

    in calamitatem,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:

    in cognitionem alicujus,

    Quint. 7, 2, 20:

    in consuetudinem,

    Cic. Caecin. 2, 6; cf.:

    quaedam in consuetudinem ex utilitatis ratione venerunt,

    id. Inv. 2, 53, 160:

    in proverbii consuetudinem,

    id. Off. 2, 15, 55.—Of a personal subject:

    (milites) qui in consuetudinem Alexandrinae vitae venerant,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 110:

    ut non solum hostibus in contemptionem Sabinus veniret, sed, etc.,

    had fallen into contempt, id. B. G. 3, 17:

    in contentionem, etc.,

    Cic. Div. 2, 63, 129:

    si falso venisses in suspitionem, P. Sestio,

    id. Vatin. 1, 2:

    summum in cruciatum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 31:

    aut in controversiam aut in contentionem,

    Quint. 3, 6, 44:

    in discrimen,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 16:

    in dubium,

    id. Quint. 2, 5:

    in alicujus fidem ac potestatem,

    to place one's self under the protection and in the power of a person, to surrender at discretion, Caes. B. G. 2, 13:

    ne in odium veniam,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 79; cf.:

    Tarquinii nomen huic populo in odium venisse regium,

    id. Rep. 1, 40, 62:

    ipse illi perditae multitudini in odium acerbissimum venerit,

    id. Att. 10, 8, 6: in eam opinionem Cassius veniebat, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 2:

    in partem alicujus,

    to take part in it, Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 3:

    in periculum,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 17:

    in sermonem alicujus,

    i. e. to enter into conversation, Cic. Att. 14, 1, 1;

    and in another sense: cum loquerer cum Phaniā, veni in eum sermonem, ut dicerem, etc.,

    I happened to say that, id. Fam. 3, 5, 3:

    nonnullam in spem veneram, posse me, etc.,

    id. de Or. 2, 54, 217:

    summam in spem per Helvetios regni obtinendi venire,

    to entertain hopes, to hope, Caes. B. G. 1, 18.— Esp. with res as subject, the affair came to, reached the point, etc.:

    res proxime formam latrocinii venerat,

    Liv. 2, 48, 5; 2, 56, 5:

    res venit prope secessionem,

    id. 6, 42, 10. ad ultimum dimicationis rati rem venturam, id. 2, 56, 5:

    cum speramus eo rem venturam, ut, etc.,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 226.— Impers.:

    saepe in eum locum ventum est, ut, etc.,

    to such a point that, Caes. B. G. 6, 43; Liv. 7, 30, 9.—
    (β).
    Ad aliquid: bene agis, Alba;

    ad tuam veniam condicionem,

    will accept, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 146:

    ad summum fortunae,

    to attain, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 32.—
    2.
    In speaking, to come to a topic:

    ut jam a fabulis ad facta veniamus,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 2, 4:

    ut ad fabulas veniamus,

    id. Rosc. Am. 16, 46:

    venio ad tertiam epistulam,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 14, 12:

    venio ad recentiores litteras,

    id. Att. 14, 19, 5:

    ad Arcesilam Carneademque veniamus,

    id. Ac. 2, 4, 12:

    venio nunc ad tertium genus illud, etc.,

    id. Rep. 3, 33, 45:

    ad istius morbum et insaniam,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 1 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > venio

  • 7 audio

    audĭo, īvi or ii, itum, 4, v. a. ( imperf. audibat, Ov F. 3, 507: audibant. Cat. 84, 8; fut. audibo, Enn. ap. Non. p. 506, 1:

    audibis,

    id. ib.; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 86; id. Poen. 1, 2, 97; Caecil. ap. Gell. 7, 17 fin.; id. ap. Non. l. l.; cf. Struve, p. 137 sq.: audin = audisne, as ain = aisne; inf. perf. audīsse better than audivisse, acc. to Quint. 1, 6, 17) (cf. the Lacon. aus = hous; auris; Lith. ausis; Goth. auso; Germ. Ohr, and Engl ears [p. 202] the Fr. ouïr, and Lat. ausculto; Curtius also compares the Gr. aïô, to hear, perceive, and the Sanscr. av, to notice, to favor; v. ausculto, 1. aveo init., and cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 83 Müll.], to hear, to perceive or understand by hearing, to learn (audio pr. differs from ausculto as the Gr. akouô from akroaomai, the Germ. hören from horchen, and the Engl. to hear from to listen, the former of these words denoting an involuntary, the latter a voluntary act; other syn.: exaudio, sentio, cognosco, oboedio, dicor).
    I.
    A.. In gen.
    a.
    Aliquid:

    auribus si parum audies terito cum vino brassicam, etc.,

    Cato, R. R. 157 fin.:

    ubi molarum strepitum audibis maximum, Enn. ap. Non. l. l. (Com. v. 7 Vahl. p. 153): verba,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 97; Vulg. Gen. 24, 30:

    quae vera audivi, taceo,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 23:

    Mane, non dum audīsti, Demea, Quod est gravissumum,

    id. Ad. 3, 4, 21:

    vocem,

    id. Hec. 4, 1, 2:

    vera an falsa,

    id. And. 5, 4, 19:

    mixtos vagitibus aegris Ploratus,

    Lucr. 2, 579:

    voces,

    Verg. A. 4, 439; Hor. C. 3, 7, 22; Vulg. Gen. 3, 8; ib. Matt. 2, 18:

    strepitus,

    Verg. A. 9, 394:

    sonitum,

    Hor. C. 2, 1, 31:

    haec,

    id. ib. 3, 27, 51:

    aquas,

    Ov. Am. 3, 11, 30:

    gemitus,

    id. M. 7, 839; Vulg. Exod. 2, 24: ait se omnia audivisse, Titinn. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:

    ut quod te audīsse dicis numquam audieris,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 285:

    Nihil enim habeo praeter auditum,

    id. Off. 1, 10, 33:

    quod quisque eorum de quāque re audierit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 5:

    Hac auditā pugnā maxima pars sese Crasso dedidit,

    id. ib. 3, 27:

    Auditis hostium copiis respicerent suum ipsi exercitum,

    Liv. 42, 52, 10:

    quod cum audīsset Abram,

    Vulg. Gen. 14, 14:

    auditis sermonibus,

    ib. 4 Reg. 22, 19; ib. Heb. 4, 3: clangorem tubae, ib:

    Isa. 18, 3: symphoniam,

    ib. Luc. 15, 25:

    animal,

    ib. Apoc. 6, 3; 6, 5 al. persaep.
    b.
    Constr., the person from whom one hears or learns any thing, with ex (so most freq.), ab, de, acc. and part., acc. and inf., cum or dum.
    (α).
    With ex:

    verbum ex aliquo,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 8; so id. And. 2, 1, 2; 5, 4, 24; id. Eun. 1, 2, 34; id. Hec. 4, 1, 35; id. And. 3, 3, 2:

    audivi ex majoribus natu hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasicā,

    Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:

    hoc ex aliis,

    id. Att. 5, 17:

    ex obviis,

    Liv. 28, 26; so Suet. Caes. 29; id. Dom. 12 al.. saepe audivi ex majoribus natu mirari solitum C. Fabricium etc., Cic. Sen. 13, 43; so Suet. Claud. 15.—
    (β).
    With ab:

    a quibus cum audi/sset non multum superesse munitionis,

    Nep. Them. 7, 2.—
    (γ).
    With de:

    equidem saepe hoc audivi de patre et de socero meo,

    i. e. from his mouth, Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 133; so id. Off. 3, 19, 77; id. Brut. 26, 100.—
    (δ).
    With acc. and part. pres. (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §

    636): ut neque eum querentem quisquam audierit neque etc.,

    Nep. Timol. 4, 1; so Suet. Calig. 22; Cat. 9, 6; 61, 125; 67, 41 al.—
    (ε).
    With acc. and inf.:

    mihi non credo, quom illaec autumare illum audio,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 260:

    Audin (eum) lapidem quaeritare?

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 70:

    erilem filium ejus duxisse audio Uxorem,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 5; 2, 1, 59:

    saepe hoc majores natu dicere audivi,

    Cic. Mur. 28:

    Gellius audierat patruom objurgare solere,

    Cat. 74, 1; Verg. A. 1, 20; 4, 562:

    audiet cives acuisse ferrum, Audiet pugnas juventus,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 21 sq.:

    audire videor pios Errare per lucos,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 5. —Hence also pass. with nom. and inf. (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §

    607): Bibulus nondum audiebatur esse in Syriā,

    was said, Cic. Att. 5, 18; so Caes. B. G. 7, 79.—
    (ζ).
    With cum or dum (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §

    749): id quidem saepe ex eo audivi, cum diceret sibi certum esse,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:

    quis umquam audivit, cum ego de me nisi coactus ac necessario dicerem?

    id. Dom. 35; so id. Brut. 56; id. Fin. 5, 19, 54; id. de Or. 1, 28, 129; 1, 2, 99; Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 5:

    auditus est certe, dum ex eo quaerit,

    Suet. Dom. 4. —Diff. from the preced. constr. with de is audire de aliquo (aliquid); more freq. in pass. sense, to hear any thing concerning any one:

    de psaltriā hac audivit,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 5:

    illos etiam convenire aveo, de quibus audivi et legi,

    Cic. Sen. 23, 83; so id. Att. 7, 20; id. Ac. 2, 2, 4; cf.:

    aliquid in aliquem,

    to hear something against, something bad of any one, id. de Or. 2, 70, 285 al. —
    B.
    In conversation.
    (α).
    Audi, as a call to gain attention, hear, attend, give ear, listen, = hoc age:

    audi cetera,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 127:

    audi heus tu,

    id. ib. 4, 3, 52:

    Dorio, audi, obsecro,

    Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 1: Hoc audi, id. And. 3, 4, 11;

    4, 1, 36: Quin tu audi,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 42:

    quin tu hoc audi,

    Ter. And. 2, 2, 9.—
    (β).
    Audis or audin = audisne? do you hear? atque audin? Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 70:

    Equidem deciens dixi: Et domi [nunc] sum ego, inquam, ecquid audis?

    id. Am. 2, 1, 27; id. Trin. 3, 2, 91:

    Heus, audin quid ait? Quin fugis?

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 60:

    cura adversandum atque audin? quadrupedem constringito,

    Ter. And. 5, 2, 24; 1, 5, 64:

    Audin tu? Hic furti se adligat,

    id. Eun. 4, 7, 39:

    Audin quid dicam?

    id. Hec. 1, 2, 3.—
    c.
    Audito, with a clause for its subject, as abl. absol. in the histt., upon the receipt of the news that, at the tidings that: audito, Q. Marcium in Ciliciam tendere, when news came that Q. Marcius etc., Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 1130 P.:

    audito Machanidam famā adventūs sui territum refugisse Lacedaemonem,

    Liv. 28, 7:

    audito venisse missu Agrippinae nuntium Agerinum,

    Tac. A. 14, 7.—
    II.
    Esp.,
    A.
    1.. In a pregnant signif., to listen to a person or thing, to give ear to, hearken to, attend:

    etsi a vobis sic audior, ut numquam benignius neque attentius quemquam auditum putem,

    Cic. Clu. 23, 63; so id. de Or. 1, 61, 259:

    sed non eis animis audiebantur, qui doceri possent,

    Liv. 42, 48; 1, 32; 5, 6:

    ut legationes audiret cubans,

    Suet. Vesp. 24; id. Caes. 32; id. Ner. 22; 23; Vulg. Job. 11, 2; ib. Psa. 33, 12; ib. Matt. 10, 14; ib. Heb. 3, 7 al.—
    2.
    Aliquem, of pupils, to hear a teacher, i. e. to receive instruction from, to study under:

    te, Marce fili, annum jam audientem Cratippum,

    Cic. Off. 1, 1, 1:

    Jam Polemonem audiverant adsidue Zeno et Arcesilas,

    id. Ac. 1, 9, 34; so id. N. D. 1, 14, 37; 3, 1, 2; id. Fat. 2, 4:

    Diogenes venientem eum, ut se extra ordinem audiret, non admiserat,

    Suet. Tib. 32; id. Gram. 10, 20 al.— Absol.: possumne aliquid audire? (i. e. will you communicate something to me?) tu vero, inquam, vel audire vel dicere, Cic. Fat. 2, 3:

    ponere aliquid, ad quod audiam, volo,

    id. ib. 2, 4.—
    3.
    De aliquā re or aliquid, aliquem, of judges, to listen or hearken to, to examine:

    nemo illorum judicum clarissimis viris accusantibus audiendum sibi de ambitu putavit,

    Cic. Fl. 39, 98:

    de capite,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 12 al. — Trop.:

    de pace,

    Liv. 27, 30:

    dolos,

    Verg. A. 6, 567:

    nequissimum servum,

    Suet. Dom. 11; so id. Aug. 93; id. Tib. 73; id. Claud. 15; id. Dom. 14; 16; Dig. 11, 3, 14 fin.; 28, 6, 10; 39, 2, 18 et saep.—
    4.
    Of prayer or entreaty, to hear, listen to, lend an ear to, regard, grant:

    in quo di immortales meas preces audiverunt,

    Cic. Pis. 19:

    Curio ubi... neque cohortationes suas neque preces audiri intellegit,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 42:

    velut si sensisset auditas preces,

    Liv. 1, 12:

    audivit orationem eorum,

    Vulg. Psa. 105, 44:

    audisti verba oris mei,

    ib. ib. 137, 1:

    Audiat aversā non meus aure deus,

    Tib. 3, 3, 28:

    audiit et caeli Genitor de parte serenā Intonuit laevum,

    Verg. A. 9, 630:

    minus audientem carmina Vestam,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 27; 4, 13, 1:

    audivit Dominus,

    Vulg. Psa. 29, 11 al. —Also aliquem, to hear one, to grant his desire or prayer:

    puellas ter vocata audis,

    Hor. C. 3, 22, 3; so id. C. S. 34; 35:

    Ferreus orantem nequiquam, janitor, audis,

    Ov. Am. 1, 6, 27; id. M. 8, 598 al.:

    Audi nos, domine,

    Vulg. Gen. 23, 6; 23, 8:

    semper me audis,

    ib. Joan. 11, 42.—
    B.
    Aliquem, aliquid, or absol. audio, to hear a person or thing with approbation, to assent to, agree with, approve, grant, allow:

    nec Homerum audio, qui Ganymeden ab dis raptum ait, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65:

    Socratem audio dicentem cibi condimentum esse famem, sed qui ad voluptatem omnia referens vivit ut Gallonius, non audio,

    id. Fin. 2, 28, 90; id. de Or. 1, 15, 68; 3, 28, 83; id. Marcell. 8, 25: audio ( I grant it, well, that I agree to, that is granted):

    nunc dicis aliquid, quod ad rem pertineat,

    id. Rosc. Am. 18 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 2, 59; 2, 5, 27:

    non audio,

    that I do not grant, id. ib. 2, 3, 34.—
    C.
    To hear, to listen to, to obey, heed; orig. and class. only with acc., but also with dat.—
    a.
    With acc.:

    tecum loquere, te adhibe in consilium, te audi, tibi obtempera,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2; id. N. D. 1, 20, 55:

    ne ego sapientiam istam, quamvis sit erudita, non audiam,

    id. Phil. 13, 3, 6:

    si me audiatis, priusquam dedantur, etc.,

    Liv. 9, 9:

    Non, si me satis audias, Speres etc.,

    Hor. C.1, 13, 13; 4, 14, 50; id. Ep. 1, 1, 48:

    patris aut matris imperium,

    Vulg. Deut. 21, 18 al. — Poet. transf. to inanimate things:

    neque audit currus habenas,

    heeds, Verg. G. 1, 514; so Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 187 (cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 13: equi frenato est auris in ore; and Pind. Pyth. 2, 21: harmata peisichalina):

    nec minus incerta (sagitta) est, nec quae magis audiat arcum,

    which better heeds the bow, Ov. M. 5, 382:

    teque languenti manu Non audit arcus?

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 980; so Stat. Th. 5, 412; Luc. 3, 594; 9, 931; Sil. 14, 392.—
    b.
    With dat.: nam istis qui linguam avium intellegunt, magis audiendum censeo, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 57, 131 (B. and K. isti):

    sibi audire,

    App. Mag. p. 326, 34; so, dicto audientem esse, to listen to one's word, to be obedient to one's word, to obey (not in Ter.):

    dicto sum audiens,

    I obey, Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Trin. 4, 3, 55; id. As. 3, 1, 40; id. Men. 2, 3, 89:

    qui dicto audientes in tantā re non fuisset,

    Cic. Deiot. 8, 23 ' sunt illi quidem dicto audientes, id. Verr. 1, 88:

    quos dicto audientes jussi,

    id. ib. 5, 104.—And, on account of the signif. to obey, with a second personal dat.: dicto audientem esse alicui, to obey one (freq. and class.); cf.

    Stallb. ad Rudd. Gr. II. p. 124, n. 38: vilicus domino dicto audiens sit,

    Cato, R. R. 142: si habes, qui te audiat;

    si potest tibi dicto audiens esse quisquam,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 44; 2, 4. 12; 2, 5, 32; id. Phil. 7, 2:

    dicto audiens fuit jussis absentium magistratuum,

    Nep. Ages. 4, 2; id. Lys. 1, 2; id. Iphicr. 2, 1:

    interim Servio Tullio jubere populum dicto audientem esse,

    Liv. 1, 41; 4, 26; 29, 20;

    41, 10 al.—Once pleon. with oboedio: ne plebs nobis dicto audiens atque oboediens sit,

    Liv. 5, 3.—
    D.
    To hear thus and thus, i. e. to be named or styled somehow (as in Gr. akouô; and in Engl. to hear, as Milton: Or hear'st thou rather pure ethereal stream, P. L. III. 7); and with bene or male (as in Gr. kalôs or kakôs akouein; cf. Milton: For which Britain hears ill abroad, Areop.; and Spenser: If old Aveugles sonnes so evil hear, F. Q. I. 5, 23), to be in good or bad repute, to be praised or blamed, to have a good or bad character:

    benedictis si certāsset, audīsset bene (Bene audire est bene dici, laudari, Don.),

    Ter. Phorm. prol. 20:

    tu recte vivis, si curas esse quod audis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 17:

    rexque paterque Audisti coram,

    id. ib. 1, 7, 38; so id. S. 2, 6, 20; Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 12; Cic. Att. 6, 1; id. Fin. 3, 17, 57; id. Leg. 1, 19; Nep. Dion, 7, 3:

    Ille, qui jejunus a quibusdam et aridus habetur, non aliter ab ipsis inimicis male audire quam nimiis floribus et ingenii afluentia potuit,

    Quint. 12, 10, 13 al. —In a play upon words: erat surdaster M. Crassus;

    sed aliud molestius quod male audiebat,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 116; so,

    minus commode: quod illorum culpā se minus commode audire arbitrarentur,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 58.—
    E.
    As it were to hear, to hear mentally, i. e. to understand, to supply, something (later subaudio): cum subtractum verbum aliquod satis ex ceteris intellegitur, ut, stupere gaudio Graecus. Simul enim auditur coepit, is understood, is to be supplied, Quint. 9, 3, 58; 8, 5, 12.—Hence, audĭens, entis, P. a. subst.
    A.
    (Acc. to II. A.) A hearer, auditor ( = auditor, q. v., or qui audit, Cic. Brut. 80, 276)' ad animos audientium permovendos, Cic. Brut. 23, 89; 80, 279:

    cum adsensu audientium egit,

    Liv. 21, 10 al. —Hence, in eccl. Lat., a catechumen, Tert. Poen. 6.—
    B.
    (Acc. to II. C.) With the gen.: tibi servio atque audiens sum imperii, a hearer of, i. e. obedient to, your command, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 25.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > audio

  • 8 subvenio

    sub-vĕnĭo, vēni, ventum, 4 (old fut. subvenibo, Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 20), v. n., to come up or advance to one ' s assistance (the figure taken from the advance of a military reserve; v. subsidium), to come to one ' s assistance, to aid, assist, relieve, succor; to obviate, remedy, heal, cure a disease, an evil, etc. (freq. and class.; syn.: adjuvo, succurro, sublevo).
    (α).
    With dat. (so most freq.):

    quibus (equitibus) celeriter subveniunt levis armaturae pedites,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 19:

    Lucanius circumvento filio subvenit,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 35:

    Varenus illi laboranti subvenit,

    id. ib. 5, 44:

    Apollo quaeso, subveni mihi atque adjuva,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 24:

    subveni patriae, opitulare collegae,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 10, 2:

    subvenire et opitulari patriae,

    id. Off. 1, 43, 154:

    civitati,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 32; id. B. C. 2, 4:

    subvenisti homini jam perdito,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 17, § 37:

    pauci subveniendum Adherbali censebant,

    Sall. J. 15, 3:

    vestri auxilii est, judices, hujus innocentiae subvenire,

    Cic. Clu. 1, 4:

    saluti suae acrioribus remediis,

    id. ib. 24, 67:

    vitae alicujus,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 50:

    stabilitati dentium,

    Plin. 23, 3, 37, § 74 et saep.:

    gravedini omni ratione,

    Cic. Att. 16, 14, 4:

    morbo,

    Plin. 22, 25, 61, § 129; 32, 9, 37, § 112:

    huic meae sollicitudini,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 4:

    his tam periculosis rebus,

    id. Rep. 1, 19, 31.—Esp., of the prætor, to render official, judicial aid:

    aequissimum erit praetorem ei subvenire,

    Dig. 47, 10, 7, § 2.— Impers. pass.:

    subveniri generi humano,

    Cic. Off. 2, 4, 13:

    D. Bruti operā, etc.... provinciae Galliae esse subventum,

    id. Phil. 5, 13, 36:

    huic quoque rei subventum est maxime a nobis,

    id. Att. 1, 17, 9:

    nisi celeriter sociis foret subventum,

    Hirt. B. Afr. 26, 4.—
    (β).
    Absol.:

    et defendam et subvenibo sedulo,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 20:

    age, fi benignus, subveni,

    id. Pers. 1, 1, 39:

    circumvenior, judices, nisi subvenitis,

    Cic. Brut. 75, 260:

    illum orare, ut subveniret,

    id. Div. 1, 27, 57:

    et subventuros auferet unda deos,

    Ov. Am. 2, 16, 28; Tac. A. 4, 72. — Impers. pass.:

    priusquam ex castris subveniretur,

    Sall. J. 54, 10:

    ni subveniatur,

    Liv. 23, 14:

    nisi in tempore subventum foret,

    id. 34, 18; 29, 25.—
    II.
    In gen., to come up, come (very rare).
    A.
    Lit.: aliud in eo (sale) mirabile est, quod tantundem nocte subvenit, quantum die auferas, Plin. 31, 7, 39, § 74.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Ut quaeque vox digna animadverti subvenerat, memoriae mandabamus, came to mind, occurred to us, Gell. 19, 7, 2.—
    2.
    To come to one ' s mind, occur to him; with inf., App. M. 3, p. 131, 37.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > subvenio

  • 9 C

    C, c, n. indecl., or f., the third letter of the Latin alphabet; corresponded originally in sound to the Greek G (which in inscrr., esp. in the Doric, was frequently written like the Latin C; v. O. Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 295); hence the old orthography: LECIONES, MACISTRATOS, EXFOCIONT, [pu]CNANDOD, PVC[nad], CARTACINIENSI, upon the Columna rostrata, for legiones, magistratos, effugiunt, pugnando, pugnā, Carthaginiensi; and the prænomina Gaius and Gnaeus, even to the latest times, were designated by C. and Cn., while Caeso or Kaeso was written with K; cf. the letter G. Still, even as early as the time of the kings, whether through the influence of the Tuscans, among whom G sounded like K, or of the. Sabines, whose language was kindred with that of the Tuscans, the C seems to have been substituted for K; hence even Consul was designated by Cos., and K remained in use only before a, as in Kalendae; k. k. for calumniae causā, INTERKAL for intercalaris, MERK for mercatus, and in a few other republican inscrr., because by this vowel K was distinguished from Q, as in Gr. Kappa from Koppa, and in Phœnician Caph from Cuph, while C was employed like other consonants with e. Q was used at the beginning of words only when u, pronounced like v, followed, as Quirites from Cures, Tanaquil from Thanchufil, Thanchfil, ThankWil; accordingly, C everywhere took the place of Q, when that accompanying labial sound was lost, or u was used as a vowel; so in the gentile name of Maecenas Cilnius, from the Etrusk. Cvelne or Cfelne (O. Müll. Etrusk. 1, p. 414 sq.); so in coctus, cocus, alicubi, sicubi; in relicŭŭs (four syl.) for reliquus (trisyl.): AECETIA = AEQITIA, i. q. aequitas (V. AECETIA), etc., and as in the Golden Age cujus was written for quojus, and cui for quoi (corresponding to cum for quom); thus, even in the most ancient period, quor or cur was used together with [p. 257] quare, cura with quaero, curia with Quiris, as inversely inquilinus with incola, and in S. C. Bacch. OQVOLTOD = occulto. Hence, at the end of words que, as well as ce in hic, sic, istic, illic, was changed to c, as in ac for atque, nec for neque, nunc, tunc, donec for numque, tumque, dumque; and in the middle of words it might also pass into g. as in negotium and neglego, cf. necopinus. Since C thus gradually took the place of K and Q, with the single exception that our kw was throughout designated by qu, it was strange that under the emperors grammarians began again to write k instead of c before a, though even Quint. 1, 7, 10, expressed his displeasure at this; and they afterwards wrote q before u, even when no labial sound followed, as in pequnia, or merely peqnia, for pecunia; cf. the letters Q and U. About the beginning of the sixth century of the city the modified form G was introduced for the flat guttural sound, and C thenceforth regularly represented the hard sound = our K. The use of aspirates was unknown to the Romans during the first six centuries, hence the letter C also represents the Gr. X, as BACA and BACANALIBVS, for Baccha and Bacchanalibus (the single C instead of the double, as regularly in the most ancient times); cf. also schizô with scindo, and poluchroos with pulcer. But even in the time of Cicero scheda came into use for scida, and pulcher for pulcer; so also the name of the Gracchi was aspirated, as were the name Cethegus and the word triumphus, which, however, in the song of the Arval brothers, is TRIVMPVS; cf. Cic. Or. 48, 160, and the letter P. About this time the use of aspirates became so common, in imitation of Greek, that Catullus wrote upon it an epigram (84), which begins with the words: Cho mmoda dicebat, si quando commoda vellet; and in Monum. Ancyr. inchoo is used for the orig. incoho, acc. to which the ancient Romans also employed cohors for chors (v. cohors).On account of the near relationship of c and g, as given above, they are very often interchanged, esp. when connected with liquids: Cygnus, Progne, Gnidus, Gnossus, from kuknos, Proknê, Knidos, Knôssos (even when n was separated from c by a vowel, as in Saguntum for Zakunthos, or absorbed by an s, as in vigesimus and trigesimus for vicensimus and tricensimus); mulgeo for mulceo, segmen from seco, gummi for commi (kommi); gurgulio for curculio, grabatus for krabatos, so that amurca was also written for amurga, from amorgê, as inversely conger for gonger, from gongros; but also with other letters; cf. mastruca and mastruga, misceo and misgô, mugio and mukaomai, gobius and kôbios, gubernator and kubernêtês. Not less freq. is the interchange of c and t, which is noticed by Quint. Inst. 1, 11, 5, and in accordance with which, in composition, d or t before qu, except with que, became c, as acquiro, nequicquam, iccirco for idcirco, ecquis for etquis, etc. Hence is explained the rejection of c before t, as in Lutatius for Luctatius, and the arbitrariness with which many names were written with cc or tt for ct, as Vettones for Vectones; Nacca or Natta for Nacta (from the Gr. gnaptô). It would be erroneouś to infer, from the varied orthography of the names' Accius, Attius, and Actius, or Peccius, Pettius, and Pectius, a hissing pronunciation of them; for as the Romans interchange the terminations icius and itius, and the orthography fetialis and fecialis, indutiae and induciae, with one another, they also wrote Basculi or Bastuli, anclare or antlare, etc. Ci for ti does not appear till an African inscr. of the third century after Christ, and not often before Gallic inscrr. and documents of the seventh century; ti for ci is not certainly found before the end of the fourth century; and ci before a vowel does not appear to have been pronounced as sh, except provincially, before the sixth or seventh century; cf. Roby, Gr. bk. 1, ch. 7; and so in gen., Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 33 sqq. C is sometimes interchanged with p: columba, palumbes; coquus, popa, popina (cf. in Gr. koteros; Sanscr. katara; poteros; Lat. uter). C is sometimes dropped in the middle of a word: luna for luc-na, lumen for luc-men; so also at the beginning of a word: uter for cuter; Sanscr. katara, v. supra.As an abbreviation, C designates Gaius, and reversed, O, Gaia; cf. Quint. 1, 7, 28. As a numeral, C = centum, and upon voting tablets = condemno, Ascon. Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; cf. the letter A fin.;

    hence it is called littera tristis (opp. A = absolvo, which is called littera salutaris),

    Cic. Mil. 6, 15 Moeb.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > C

  • 10 c

    C, c, n. indecl., or f., the third letter of the Latin alphabet; corresponded originally in sound to the Greek G (which in inscrr., esp. in the Doric, was frequently written like the Latin C; v. O. Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 295); hence the old orthography: LECIONES, MACISTRATOS, EXFOCIONT, [pu]CNANDOD, PVC[nad], CARTACINIENSI, upon the Columna rostrata, for legiones, magistratos, effugiunt, pugnando, pugnā, Carthaginiensi; and the prænomina Gaius and Gnaeus, even to the latest times, were designated by C. and Cn., while Caeso or Kaeso was written with K; cf. the letter G. Still, even as early as the time of the kings, whether through the influence of the Tuscans, among whom G sounded like K, or of the. Sabines, whose language was kindred with that of the Tuscans, the C seems to have been substituted for K; hence even Consul was designated by Cos., and K remained in use only before a, as in Kalendae; k. k. for calumniae causā, INTERKAL for intercalaris, MERK for mercatus, and in a few other republican inscrr., because by this vowel K was distinguished from Q, as in Gr. Kappa from Koppa, and in Phœnician Caph from Cuph, while C was employed like other consonants with e. Q was used at the beginning of words only when u, pronounced like v, followed, as Quirites from Cures, Tanaquil from Thanchufil, Thanchfil, ThankWil; accordingly, C everywhere took the place of Q, when that accompanying labial sound was lost, or u was used as a vowel; so in the gentile name of Maecenas Cilnius, from the Etrusk. Cvelne or Cfelne (O. Müll. Etrusk. 1, p. 414 sq.); so in coctus, cocus, alicubi, sicubi; in relicŭŭs (four syl.) for reliquus (trisyl.): AECETIA = AEQITIA, i. q. aequitas (V. AECETIA), etc., and as in the Golden Age cujus was written for quojus, and cui for quoi (corresponding to cum for quom); thus, even in the most ancient period, quor or cur was used together with [p. 257] quare, cura with quaero, curia with Quiris, as inversely inquilinus with incola, and in S. C. Bacch. OQVOLTOD = occulto. Hence, at the end of words que, as well as ce in hic, sic, istic, illic, was changed to c, as in ac for atque, nec for neque, nunc, tunc, donec for numque, tumque, dumque; and in the middle of words it might also pass into g. as in negotium and neglego, cf. necopinus. Since C thus gradually took the place of K and Q, with the single exception that our kw was throughout designated by qu, it was strange that under the emperors grammarians began again to write k instead of c before a, though even Quint. 1, 7, 10, expressed his displeasure at this; and they afterwards wrote q before u, even when no labial sound followed, as in pequnia, or merely peqnia, for pecunia; cf. the letters Q and U. About the beginning of the sixth century of the city the modified form G was introduced for the flat guttural sound, and C thenceforth regularly represented the hard sound = our K. The use of aspirates was unknown to the Romans during the first six centuries, hence the letter C also represents the Gr. X, as BACA and BACANALIBVS, for Baccha and Bacchanalibus (the single C instead of the double, as regularly in the most ancient times); cf. also schizô with scindo, and poluchroos with pulcer. But even in the time of Cicero scheda came into use for scida, and pulcher for pulcer; so also the name of the Gracchi was aspirated, as were the name Cethegus and the word triumphus, which, however, in the song of the Arval brothers, is TRIVMPVS; cf. Cic. Or. 48, 160, and the letter P. About this time the use of aspirates became so common, in imitation of Greek, that Catullus wrote upon it an epigram (84), which begins with the words: Cho mmoda dicebat, si quando commoda vellet; and in Monum. Ancyr. inchoo is used for the orig. incoho, acc. to which the ancient Romans also employed cohors for chors (v. cohors).On account of the near relationship of c and g, as given above, they are very often interchanged, esp. when connected with liquids: Cygnus, Progne, Gnidus, Gnossus, from kuknos, Proknê, Knidos, Knôssos (even when n was separated from c by a vowel, as in Saguntum for Zakunthos, or absorbed by an s, as in vigesimus and trigesimus for vicensimus and tricensimus); mulgeo for mulceo, segmen from seco, gummi for commi (kommi); gurgulio for curculio, grabatus for krabatos, so that amurca was also written for amurga, from amorgê, as inversely conger for gonger, from gongros; but also with other letters; cf. mastruca and mastruga, misceo and misgô, mugio and mukaomai, gobius and kôbios, gubernator and kubernêtês. Not less freq. is the interchange of c and t, which is noticed by Quint. Inst. 1, 11, 5, and in accordance with which, in composition, d or t before qu, except with que, became c, as acquiro, nequicquam, iccirco for idcirco, ecquis for etquis, etc. Hence is explained the rejection of c before t, as in Lutatius for Luctatius, and the arbitrariness with which many names were written with cc or tt for ct, as Vettones for Vectones; Nacca or Natta for Nacta (from the Gr. gnaptô). It would be erroneouś to infer, from the varied orthography of the names' Accius, Attius, and Actius, or Peccius, Pettius, and Pectius, a hissing pronunciation of them; for as the Romans interchange the terminations icius and itius, and the orthography fetialis and fecialis, indutiae and induciae, with one another, they also wrote Basculi or Bastuli, anclare or antlare, etc. Ci for ti does not appear till an African inscr. of the third century after Christ, and not often before Gallic inscrr. and documents of the seventh century; ti for ci is not certainly found before the end of the fourth century; and ci before a vowel does not appear to have been pronounced as sh, except provincially, before the sixth or seventh century; cf. Roby, Gr. bk. 1, ch. 7; and so in gen., Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 33 sqq. C is sometimes interchanged with p: columba, palumbes; coquus, popa, popina (cf. in Gr. koteros; Sanscr. katara; poteros; Lat. uter). C is sometimes dropped in the middle of a word: luna for luc-na, lumen for luc-men; so also at the beginning of a word: uter for cuter; Sanscr. katara, v. supra.As an abbreviation, C designates Gaius, and reversed, O, Gaia; cf. Quint. 1, 7, 28. As a numeral, C = centum, and upon voting tablets = condemno, Ascon. Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; cf. the letter A fin.;

    hence it is called littera tristis (opp. A = absolvo, which is called littera salutaris),

    Cic. Mil. 6, 15 Moeb.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > c

  • 11 consequor

    con-sĕquor, sĕcūtus (or sĕquūtus; v. sequor), 3, v. dep. a.
    I.
    To follow, follow up, press upon, go after, attend, accompany, pursue any person or thing (class. in prose and poetry); constr. with acc. or absol.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen. (rare).
    (α).
    With acc.:

    consecutus est me usque ad fores,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 93:

    me continuo,

    id. Am. 3, 1, 20:

    te tam strenue,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 9:

    prope nos,

    id. ib. 4, 3, 11; cf.:

    litteras suas prope,

    Liv. 41, 10, 12:

    vocem gradu,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 21.—
    (β).
    Absol.: ita vos decet;

    Consequimini,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 22:

    hic se conjecit intro: ego consequor,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 36:

    ego rectā consequor,

    id. Hec. 3, 3, 12; Nep. Them. 7, 2:

    comitibus non consecutis,

    without attendants, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To follow after or pursue in a hostile manner:

    reliquas copias Helvetiorum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 13:

    reliquos,

    id. ib. 1, 53:

    consequuntur equites nostri, ut erat praeceptum, Auct. B. G. 8, 27: consecutis strenue hostibus,

    Curt. 5, 4, 34:

    fugientem (Servium),

    Liv. 1, 48, 4.— Absol.:

    ita mihi videntur omnia, mare, terra, caelum consequi, ut, etc.,

    Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 3 Fleck. Codd. (Ussing, concoqui).—
    b.
    To follow, come after, in time: hunc Cethegum consecutus est aetate Cato, Cic. Brut. 15, 61:

    Sallustium (Livius, etc.),

    Vell. 2, 36, 3:

    has tam prosperas res consecuta est subita mutatio,

    Nep. Dion, 6, 1; cf. id. Cim. 3, 2:

    si haec in eum annum qui consequitur redundarint,

    Cic. Mur. 39, 85; cf.:

    omnes anni consequentes,

    id. Sen. 6, 19:

    tempus,

    id. Fin. 1, 20, 67:

    reliquis consecutis diebus,

    id. Phil. 1, 13, 32:

    ejusmodi tempora post tuam profectionem consecuta esse,

    id. Fam. 1, 5, a, 1; Auct. Her. 2, 5, 8: haec cum Crassus dixisset, silentium est consecutum. Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 160; cf. id. ib. 3, 2, 6; id. Tusc. 4, 8, 19:

    hominem consequitur aliquando, numquam comitatur divinitas,

    i. e. after death, Curt. 8, 5, 16.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen. (rare):

    minas jam decem habet a me filia... Hasce ornamentis consequentur alterae,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 9:

    his diebus, quae praeterita erunt superiore mense, opera consequi oportet,

    to make up, Col. 11, 2, 90.—Far more freq.,
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To follow a model, copy, an authority, example, opinion, etc.; to imitate, adopt, obey, etc.:

    Chrysippum Diogenes consequens partum Jovis dejungit a fabulā,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 41:

    eum morem,

    id. Leg. 2, 7, 18:

    alicujus sententiam,

    Plaut. As. 2, 1, 13:

    necesse'st consilia consequi consimilia,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 35; so,

    sententias (principum),

    Cic. Cat. 3, 6, 13:

    suum quoddam institutum,

    id. Off. 1, 32, 116:

    exilitatem,

    id. Brut. 82, 284:

    mediam consilii viam,

    Liv. 24, 45, 7.—
    b.
    To follow a preceding cause as an effect, to ensue, result, to be the consequence, to arise or proceed from:

    rebus ab ipsis Consequitur sensus,

    Lucr. 1, 461; 3, 929; 4, 867; cf. id. 3, 477: ex quo fit ut pudorem rubor, terrorem pallor et tremor consequatur, Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 19:

    quam eorum opinionem magni errores consecuti sunt,

    id. ib. 1, 16, 36:

    quod dictum magna invidia consecuta est,

    Nep. Dion, 6, 4:

    ex quo illud naturā consequi, ut communem utilitatem nostrae anteponamus,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 64; Quint. 6, 3, 44; 2, 3, 2:

    quia libertatem pax consequebatur,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 13, 32.—
    (β).
    Of a logical sequence, to follow:

    si quod primum in conexo est, necessarium est, fit etiam quod consequitur necessarium,

    Cic. Fat. 7, 14; 5, 9; cf. under P. a.—
    II.
    Meton. (causa pro effectu), by following after any person or thing, to reach, overtake, come up with, attain to, arrive at.
    A.
    Lit.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    si statim navigas, nos Leucade consequere,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 1, 2:

    aliquem in itinere,

    id. Inv. 2, 4, 15; Pompeius ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, A, §

    3: fugientem,

    Liv. 1, 48, 4; Curt. 4, 9, 25; Dig. 42, 8, 10, § 16; cf. Verg. A. 11, 722:

    cohortes,

    Suet. Caes. 31:

    virum,

    Ov. M. 10, 672:

    rates,

    id. ib. 8, 143 et saep.—
    (β).
    Absol.:

    si adcelerare volent, ad vesperam consequentur,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 6:

    prius quam alter, qui nec procul aberat, consequi posset,

    Liv. 1, 25, 10: Fabius equites praemittit, ut... agmen morarentur dum consequeretur ipse, Auct. B. G. 8, 28 init.:

    interim reliqui legati sunt consecuti,

    came up, Nep. Them. 7, 2.—
    B.
    Trop., to reach, overtake, obtain (cf. assequor).
    1.
    Ingen.
    a.
    With things as objects (so most freq.), to obtain, acquire, get, attain, reach:

    ut opes quam maximas consequantur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 19, 64; cf.

    quaestum,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34:

    amplissimos honores,

    id. Planc. 5, 13:

    magistratum,

    id. ib. 25, 60:

    eam rem (i. e. regna),

    Caes. B. G. 2, 1:

    dum sua quisque spolia consequi studet,

    Curt. 4, 9, 19.—With ab:

    nec dubitat quin ego a te nutu hoc consequi possem,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 5: ab aliquo suum consequi, Gai Inst. 2, 55; Dig. 15, 1, 9, § 1; Cic. Planc. 23, 55.—With ex:

    fructum amplissimum ex vestro judicio,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2:

    gloriosam victoriam ex rei publicae causā,

    id. Cael. 7, 18:

    aliquid commodi ex laboriosā exercitatione corporis,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 35; Quint. 7, 2, 42.—With per:

    omnia per senatum (corresp. with adsequi per populum),

    Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 10; Quint. 3, 8, 34. —With abl.:

    ut omnem gloriam... omni curā atque industriā consequare,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 9; 1, 5, b, 2 fin.:

    suis erga aliquem meritis inpunitatem,

    id. Planc. 1, 3:

    tantam gloriam duabus victoriis,

    Nep. Them. 6, 3; id. Dat. 5, 2; id. Att. 19, 2; 21, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 8; 10, 1, 102; Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 68.—With in and abl.:

    si quid in dicendo consequi possum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2:

    in hac pernicie rei publicae... gratiam,

    id. Off. 2, 22, 79:

    Achillis gloriam in rebus bellicis,

    Quint. 12, 11, 27; cf. Nep. Ages. 2, 5.—With ut or ne:

    hoc consequi, ut ne, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 4:

    nec legum repertores sine summā vi orandi consecutos, ut. etc.,

    Quint. 2, 16, 9; 5, 10, 125; 8, 3, 70; Vell. 2, 124, 4; Cels. 7, 26, 3; vix per matrem consecutus, ut, etc., Suet Tib. 12:

    per quae si consequi potuimus, ut, etc.,

    Cels. 3, 19:

    sicut hic Cicero consequitur, ne, etc.,

    Quint. 9, 2, 62.— Absol.: quibus ex rebus largiter erat consecutus, made great profit, Auct. B. Afr. 62; cf.:

    non quod minore numero militum consequi difficile factu putaret, sed ut, etc., Auct. B. Alex. 30, 3: non est turpe non consequi, dummodo sequaris,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 5, 4.—With inf. as object:

    vere enim illud dicitur, perverse dicere homines perverse dicendo facillime consequi,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150.—
    b.
    Sometimes with a personal object, and with a thing as subject (cf. capio, II.), to reach, come to, overtake:

    matrem ipsam ex aegritudine hac miseram mors consecuta'st,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 23:

    tanta prosperitas Caesarem est consecuta. ut, etc.,

    Nep. Att. 19, 3; Quint. 7, 4, 19:

    si aliqua nos incommoda ex iis materiis consequentur,

    id. 2, 10, 14; cf. I. B. 2, b. supra.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To become like or equal to a person or thing in any property or quality, to attain, come up to, to equal (cf. adsequor):

    aliquem majorem,

    Cic. Brut. 64, 228:

    nullam partem tuorum meritorum,

    id. Fam. 1, 8, 6; cf.:

    ad consequendos, quos priores ducimus, accendimur,

    Vell. 1, 17, 7:

    verborum prope numerum sententiarum numero,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56; Col. 11, 2, 90.—
    b.
    To reach with the sight, to distinguish (rare): animalia [p. 430] minuta, quae non possunt oculi consequi, Varr. R. R. 1, 12, 2.—
    c.
    To attain to something intellectually or by speech, to understand, perceive, learn, know:

    similitudinem veri,

    Cic. Univ. 3 init.:

    plura,

    Nep. Alcib. 2, 1: quantum conjecturā, Caes. ap. Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10 (12), 4:

    omnis illorum conatus investigare et consequi,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 16, 48; id. Fam. 1, 8, 6: omnia alicujus facta aut memoriā consequi aut oratione complecti. id. Verr. 2, 4, 26, § 57:

    tantam causam diligentiā consequi et memoriā complecti,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 12, 39.—
    d.
    Of speech or lang., to attain, be equal to, impress fully, do justice to, etc.:

    vestram magnitudinem multitudinemque beneficiorum,

    Cic. Red. Quir. 2, 5:

    laudes ejus verbis,

    id. Phil. 5, 13, 35, cf. id. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 270, 21: omnia verbis, Ov M. 15 419; cf. Cic. Dom. 50, 129.—Hence, consĕquens, entis, P. a. (acc. to I. B.).
    A.
    According to reason, correspondent, suitable, fit:

    in conjunctis verbis quod non est consequens vituperandum est,

    Cic. Part. Or. 6, 18; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 5; 5, 10, 75.—Hence,
    2.
    Consequens est = consentaneum est, it is in accordance with reason, fit, suitable, etc.; with ut or acc. and inf.:

    consequens esse videtur, ut scribas, etc.,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 5, 15:

    consequens est, eos invitos non potuisse retineri,

    Quint. 5, 10, 77; so,

    dicere,

    Gell. 1, 4, 7; Dig. 43, 23, 15 fin. —
    B.
    That follows logically, consequent; with dat.:

    assentior, eorum quae posuisti alterum alteri consequens esse,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 8, 21; cf. id. ib. 5, 7, 18.— Comp.:

    quid consequentius, quam ut, etc.,

    Aug. Trin. 15, 19 fin. — Sup. apparently not in use.—Hence, subst.: consĕ-quens, entis, n., a consequence:

    teneamus illud necesse est, cum consequens aliquod falsum sit, illud, cujus id consequens sit, non posse esse verum,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 68:

    consequentibus vestris sublatis, prima tolluntur,

    id. ib. 4, 19, 55; id. de Or. 2, 53, 215; id. Top. 12, 53; Quint. 5, 10, 2; 6, 3, 66.— Hence, consĕquenter, adv. (post-class.).
    1.
    In an accordant, suitable manner, suitably, conformably; with dat.:

    prioribus dicere,

    Dig. 35, 2, 11; so ib. 10, 2, 18; App. M. 11, p. 257.— Absol., Hier. Ep. 22, n. 13.—
    2.
    In consequence, consequently, App. M. 10 init. — Comp. and sup. not in use.
    ► Pass.: quae vix ab hominibus consequi possunt anuesthai, Orbilius ap. Prisc. p. 791 P.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > consequor

  • 12 dicto

    dicto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [2. dico], to say often; to pronounce, declare, or assert repeatedly.
    I.
    In gen. (very rare):

    rogarem te, ut diceres pro me tu idem, qui illis orationem dictavisses,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 22 fin.:

    mercemur servum qui dictet nomina,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 50; cf. Gell. 4, 1, 2.—Far more freq. and class.,
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    To dictate to one for writing:

    quod non modo Tironi dictare, sed ne ipse quidem audere scribere,

    Cic. Att. 13, 9; 7, 13 b. fin.; 2, 23; Quint. 2, 4, 12; 10, 3, 18; Plin. Ep. 9, 36, 2; Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 49 et saep. So of the dictating of teachers (common for want of books):

    memini quae mihi parvo Orbilium dictare,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 71; cf. id. Sat. 1, 10, 75.—
    2.
    Transf. As the practice of dictating came, in the course of time, to be very general (v. Gesner upon Quint. 10, 3, 18), dictare, since the Aug. per., acquired the signif. to express in written language, make, compose:

    elegidia,

    Pers. 1, 52; so,

    ducentos versus,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 10: carmina (for which, shortly before and after, scribere), id. Ep. 2, 1, 110:

    codicillos,

    to draw up, make, Suet. Tib. 22; cf.

    testamentum,

    id. Ner. 32;

    hence also, summas,

    i. e. to dispose of by will, Dig. 32, 95; and in the pass.:

    non unus tibi rivalis dictabitur heres,

    appointed, designated, Juv. 6, 218; so,

    actionem,

    to draw up a declaration, Suet. Rhet. 2;

    and among jurists in gen.,

    to bring an action, go to law, Dig. 15, 1, 50; also,

    judicium,

    ib. 9, 4, 22; 49, 9, 3 al.—
    B.
    To prescribe, recommend, order, dictate (cf. 2. dico, no. I. B. 10;

    in this sense the primitive of dictator, although no ante-Aug. examples occur): sportulam,

    Quint. 11, 3, 131: dictataque jurant Sacramenta deis, Sil. 10, 448.—
    2.
    Transf., of abstract subjects:

    ita videtur ratio dictare,

    Quint. 3, 4, 11; cf. Dig. 1, 2, § 11:

    quibus sordet omne, quod natura dictavit,

    Quint. 8 prooem. § 26; so with acc., id. 1, 3, 16; 2, 15, 6; Plin. 26, 4, 9, § 20.—Hence, dictāta, ōrum, n. (acc. to no. II. A.).
    A.
    Things dictated by the master to his scholars, i. e. lessons, exercises, rules, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4; id. Fin. 4, 4, 10; id. N. D. 1, 26; id. Tusc. 2, 11, 96; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 55; 1, 18, 13; Pers. 1, 29 al.—Also, in gen.,
    B.
    Precepts, rules, e. g. for gladiators, Suet. Caes. 26;

    for mimes,

    Juv. 5, 122.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dicto

  • 13 permetior

    per-mētĭor, mensus, 4, v. dep. a., to measure through, measure out, measure (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    solis magnitudinem, quasi decempedā,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 41, 126.—
    II.
    Transf., to travel through, traverse: (lupus femina) campos celeri passu permensa, Enn. ap. Non. 378, 18 (Ann. v. 74 Vahl.); so id. ap. Fest. p. 301 Müll. (Ann. v. 443 ib.):

    ad vos permensu'st viam,

    came over, Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 49:

    Siciliae oras errabundus permetiens, Consol. ad Polyb. 36: classibus aequor,

    Verg. A. 3, 157:

    aëra,

    Lucr. 6, 1142:

    iter,

    Stat. S. 1, 2, 202:

    secula,

    to live through, Mart. 9, 30, 1.—Hence, part. perf.: per-mensus, a, um, in pass. signif., measured out:

    permensum et perlibratum opus,

    Col. 3, 13 fin.:

    permenso tempore lucis,

    Tib. 3, 3, 9; App. M. 8, p. 209, 40:

    gradatim permensis honoribus,

    id. ib. 10, p. 247, 25.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > permetior

  • 14 pluo

    plŭo, plui (or plūvi in Plaut. and Liv.; cf. Prisc. p. 881 P.; Varr. L. L. 9, § 104 Müll.), 3, v. n., usu. impers. (ante-class. and late Lat. also pers.; v. infra) [root plu-, to swim; Gr. plunô, to wash; cf.: pleô, pleusô, to sail; cf. ploro], to rain; constr. absol., or with abl. or acc.
    I.
    Lit.:

    pluet credo hercle hodie,

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 42:

    ut multum pluverat,

    id. Men. prol. 63: has Graeci stellas Hyadas vocitare suerunt, a pluendo: huein enim est pluere, Cic. N. D. 2, 43, 111:

    aqua, quae pluendo crevisset,

    by the rain, id. Top. 9, 38:

    quoties pluit,

    Juv. 7, 179:

    urceatim plovebat (vulg. for pluebat),

    Petr. 44, 18.—With acc.:

    sanguinem pluisse senatui nuntiatum est,

    Cic. Div. 2, 27, 58 (Klotz, sanguinem):

    lapides,

    Liv. 28, 27, 16:

    terram,

    id. 10, 33, 8; Vulg. Exod. 9, 23; 16, 4; id. Psa. 10, 7.—With abl.:

    lacte pluisse,

    rained milk, Liv. 27, 11:

    lapidibus,

    id. 35, 9; 21, 62, 5:

    lacte, sanguine, carne,

    Plin. 2, 56, 57, § 147.— Pass.:

    quā pluitur et ningitur,

    App. Flor. p. 340, 39.—Personally:

    saxis ferunt pluisse caelum,

    Mart. Cap. 6, § 642:

    effigies quae pluit,

    which rained, came down in rain, Plin. 2, 55, 57, § 147. —
    II.
    Transf., of other things, to rain ( poet.):

    nec de concussā tantum pluit ilice glandis,

    Verg. G. 4, 81:

    stridentia fundae saxa pluunt,

    Stat. Th. 8, 416:

    jam bellaria adorea pluebant,

    id. S. 1, 6, 10.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pluo

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